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Ethionamide
Pham P and Bartlett JG
05-01-2008
-
Available formulation in Zambia: Tablet: 125 mg; 250 mg.
- MDRTB standardized regimen: ethionamide 500 mg/d (<50 kg); 750 mg (>50 kg) plus kanamycin, pyrazinamide, ofloxacin, and ethambutol x 4 month, then based on culture conversion and sensitivity, continue with ethionamide, ofloxacin, and ethambutol for 12-18 months.
Zambia Information Author: Paul A. Pham, Pharm. D.
- Tuberculosis (in patients w/ active M. tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid or rifampin, or when there is intolerance to other drugs)
brand
name
| generic
| Mfg
| brand
forms
| cost*
|
| Trecator-SC | Ethionamide | Wyeth | oral
tablet
250mg | $3.09 |
*Prices represent cost per unit specified and are representative of "Average Wholesale Price" (AWP).
AWP Prices were obtained and gathered by Lakshmi Vasist Pharm D using the Red Book, manufacturer's
information, and the McKesson database.
^Dosage is indicated in mg unless otherwise noted.
15-20mg/kg/day (max 1g/day), usually 500-750mg divided q24, q12h or q8h administered w/ food or at bedtime.
Usual dose.
250-500mg once daily with clearance <30ml/min.
250-500mg once daily.
250-500mg once daily.
Usual dose.
No data.
- Severe GI intolerance: nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, anorexia, and abdominal pain
- Allergic reactions
- Reversible hepatitis (2%), jaundice (1-3%)--monitor LFTs q2-4 wks
- Endocrine: gynecomastia; menstrual irregularities
- Neurotoxicity (prevented w/ pyridoxine)
- Diarrhea
- CNS: depression, anxiety, psychosis, dizziness, visual disturbances
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Optic neuritis
- Gouty arthritis
- Hypothyroidism
- Impotence
- Rash
Cycloserine: potential increase incidence of neurotoxicity. Avoid concurrent administration, especially in patients with a history of seizures.
2nd line oral agent for TB and leprosy. Severe GI side effects and orthostatic hypotension may limit its use.
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